Evaluation of the Critical Infrastructure’s Vulnerability in Opposition to Human Threats (Case study: Non-militant international airports)

Document Type : Case Study

Authors

Department of urban planning, Islamic Azad University, Yasuj branch, Yasuj, Iran.

Abstract

In this research, the quantitative and qualitative of the vulnerability of the nonmilitant airports against human threats is being evaluated based on the principles of passive defense. Airports are known to be one of the symbols of development in order for being capable to transfer high capacity of passengers and goods between long distances in the least required time. Non-militant airports are considered as one of the most valuable sources of finance in any country and the slightest deterioration in its function of damage of any kinds would cause substantial loss to the nation. The pattern of the applied research and the methodology of the current research AHP-FEMA technique has been used to analyze. The results show that most are ill prepared. The results prove that air strikes and bombings bring the most damage to the non-militant airports, according  to  the  15  specified  key  assets.  Thereupon  each  of  the  primary  elements  of  the  airport  will  be analyzed.

Keywords


Alcaraza, Cristina, Zeadally, Sherali (2015), Critical infrastructure protection: Requirements and challenges for the 21st century, International Journal of critical infrastructure protection, 53–66
Alexander T.Wells and Seth Young, 2004, Airport Planning and Management, Fifth Edition, MC-Grow Hill Company, USA
Ataee, Hasan (2015), Evaluation of the vulnerability of the country's civilian airports to threats and providing solutions for reducing vulnerability, Master's thesis, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran
Bakel, N (2000), "Security risk assessment: Applying the concepts of fuzzy logic", Journal of Hazardous Materials 173, 258–264.
Brown, Gerald G., Matthew Carlyle W., Salmer´on, Javier, Wood, Kevin (2005), Analyzing the Vulnerability of Critical Infrastructure to Attack and Planning Defenses, Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), USA
Bull Kamanga, R., S. Sturm, J. Kiefer, M. Bondelind, J. Åström, A. Lindhe, I. Machenbach, E. Melin, T. Thorsen, B. Eikebrokk, C. Niewersch, D. Kirchner, F. Kozisek, D. Weyessa
Chunliang Xiu, Lin Cheng, Wei Song, Wei Wu (2012). The vulnerability of a large city and its implication in urban planning: A perspective of intra-urban structure, Chinese Geographical Science, Volume 21, Issue 2, pp 204–210
Cioaca Catalin, 2013, Critical aviation infrastructures vulnerability assessment to terrorist threats, Air Force ACADEMY, Romania
Gari, and C. Swartz. (2003). "Identification and description of hazards for water supply systems ", A catalog of today’s hazards and possible future hazards, TECHNEAU.
Ghazanfari Mostafa (2013), Investigating the vulnerability of subway metro stations (Case study: Vali-e-Asr Metro Station), Master's thesis, Non-active Master's Degree, Non-Profit Faculty, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran.
Graham, A. (2008), Managing Airports an International Perspective, 3rd Edition, Elsevier Ltd, University of Westminster, London, Uk.
Hafez Nia, Mohammad Reza (2010). An Introduction to the Research Method in the Humanities. Tehran: Samt Publication.
Handmer, L. (2002). "The Changing Nature of Risks and Hazard".  Chapter 1, in American Hazard's capes: The Regionalization of Hazards and Disasters. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press.
Hosseini, Seyed Beheshid (2010). General criteria for the design of public urban buildings. Tehran: Abed Publishing.
Jalali Farahani, Gholamreza (2011). Passive defense in underground structures. Tehran: Inactive country defense organization.
Jalali Farahani, Gholamreza (2012). Introduction to Inferential Defense Threat Estimation Method and Model. Tehran: Publishing House of Imam Hussein (AS) University.
Kazda Antonin and Caves Robert.E, 2007, Airport Design and operation, Elsevier Publication
  Li, Shanmei, Xu,  Xiaohao (2015), Vulnerability analysis for airport networks based on fuzzy soft sets: From the structural and functional perspective, Air Traffic Management Research Base, Civil Aviation University of China, Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages 780-788
Safarzadeh Mahmood and Masoumi Gholamreza (2004), Airport Planning and Design, Volume II, Second Edition, Printing, and Publishing Center of the Institute of Management and Planning of the Institute of Higher Education and Research of country’s direction organization, Tehran.
Shahbazi, Meysam, Shafiei, Masoud, Abotalebi, Zainab (2011), Network Approach to Vital Infrastructures, Strategic Report of the Economic Research Delegation, Center for Strategic Studies, Expediency Council.
Shamshahi Zafarqandi, Fathallah (2011). Architectural form and its role in reducing the effects of the explosion wave. Proceedings of the first Architectural and Urban Planning Conference from the perspective of passive defense. The Malek Ashtar University of Technology.
Snaider. B, House of Representatives. (2004). "Comprehensive Risk Assessments and Stronger Internal Controls Needed to Help Inform TSA Resource Allocation", Report to the Chairman,
Stephen D. Wolthusen (2007). Analysis and Statistical Properties of Critical Infrastructure Interdependency Multiflow Models Nils K. Svendsen, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 20-22 June 2007
Vali, Ali (2013), Principles of Airport Engineering, Faculty of technology and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran-Civil Engineering Department.
Wood, Richard (2005), airport design and operation of the system with security approach, Journal of Transport Management, Vol.34, 12-16
zhang, zili, li, Xiangyang, li,handgun. (2015). A quantitative approach for assessing the critical nodal and linear elements of a railway infrastructure. International journal of critical infrastructure protection 3-15.