International Journal of Urban Management and Energy Sustainability

International Journal of Urban Management and Energy Sustainability

Studying the design of urban spaces in approach to gender justice (Comparative comparison between Districts 1 and 6 of Tehran City)

Document Type : Case Study

Author
Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The presence and use of urban spaces are the inherent rights of every citizen, regardless of gender. Gender blindness in urban spaces hinders women's participation in these environments. It is evident that the needs of women and men differ significantly in biological, social, and cultural dimensions; therefore, their behavioral patterns in urban spaces are also not identical. A gender equity approach seeks to identify these patterns and the needs of women, and to facilitate their integration into urban spaces, thereby enabling greater female participation and preventing their exclusion due to gender-based restrictions. The aim of this study is to analyze urban spaces concerning the level of female participation in Districts 1 and 6 of Tehran. For this purpose, these two districts were selected through a comparative method, and data were collected via field surveys and document studies. The assessment of women's status was conducted across functional-operational, environmental, aesthetic-experiential, and institutional-management dimensions. The obtained data were then analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach with Friedman and Spearman tests. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between gender equity and the studied districts, as well as between female participation and the promotion of gender justice. It can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the functional-operational components and the creation of equal opportunities for women’s participation in the examined districts, suggesting that improvements and upgrades are necessary in the functional-operational and institutional-management dimensions.
Keywords

  • Erabi, H., (2009) Guide to Gender-Aware Urban Design (Women-Friendly City), Master of Urban Design, Tarbiat Modares University.
  • Behzadfar, M., Jalili Sadrabad, S., Jalili Sadrabad, S., (2013), Lighting of urban public spaces and women's presence, a case study: Tehran's Saei Park", Armanshahr Magazine of Architecture and Urbanism
  • Bemaniyan, M, Refeyan, M, Zabeiyan, A, (2008), "Assessment of Factors Affective the Promotion of Woman Safety in Urban Envioments", Jornal of Woman in Development & Polities
  • Boroumand, M. and Toghiani, Sh. and Saberi, H. (2016). Evaluation of the Effects of Urban Space Components on the Formation of Behavioral Patterns with an Emphasis on Its Genderization (Case Study of District 2 of Tehran) Urban Management. No. 46.
  • Boroumand, M., Rezaei, S. (2016), Evaluation of the Performance of Women's Parks in Promoting Gender Justice in Islamic Cities; Case Study: Azadegan Mother Park, District 15 of the Urban City, Women's Journal, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Year 17, Issue 2
  • Day, K., C. Stump & D. Carreon (2003)."Confrontation and loss of control:
  • Day, K.,(2019),"The Ethic of Care and Women,s Experiences of Public Space", Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20
  • Foxhall, L. and Gabriele, N. (2011)”. Gender and the city before Modernity: Introduction”. Gender & History, Vol.23 No.3 November 2011, pp. 491–509.
  • Franck, K.,(2022),"Women and Envionment in Bechtel, R, & Churchmen, A, (eds) Hanbook of Envionmental Psychology, John wiley & sons, New York
  • Jupp, E., (2022). “Women, Communities, and Neighbourhoods: Approaching Gender and Feminism within UK Urban Policy”. Antipode Vol. 46 No. 5 2014 ISSN 0066-4812, pp. 1304–1322.
  • Kiavar, D,(2020). user assessment in public spaces by gender: a survey on seğmenler and kecgoren parks in Ankara.
  • Krenichyn, K,(2018)," Woman and physical Activity in a Urban park: Enrichment and support through an Ethic of Care", Jornal of Envionmental Psychology, 24
  • Mansouri, E. & Majedi, H., (2017), "Exploring the Meaning of Quality from Urban Space: Users’ Viewpoint by Analyzing Conceptual Environment Codes", Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 10(20), Autumn 2017, 63-77.
  • Mohammadi, M., (2019): Women and the Gender Justice Approach in Sustainable Development", Urban Planning Journal, No. 29.
  • Mukhopadhyay, M, & Singh, N,( 2023),"Gender,Justice,Citizenship,and Development, Ottawa:Zhbaan-international Development Research Centre.
  • Pakzad, J., and Bozorg, H. (2012). Environmental Psychology for Urban Designers. Tehran: Armanshahr Publications. Volume 1, 13-20.
  • Pakzad, J. (2016): Gender Justice in the Right to the City, Collection of Articles of the First National Congress of Successful Iranian Women
  • Pakzad, J.. Bozorg, H. (2012); Alphabet of Environmental Psychology for Designers, Armanshahr Publisher.
  • Paydar, F. (2018), Evaluating Gender Considerations in Planning and Creating New Cities, Collection of Articles of Identity of New Cities, Tehran, New Cities Development Company
  • Tamadon, R. (2014); Women and Urban Spaces, Urban Planning Essays, Issue 28
Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
Winter 2025
Pages 257-270

  • Receive Date 12 April 2024
  • Revise Date 02 October 2024
  • Accept Date 12 December 2024